Kim-1/Tim-1 and Immune cells: Shifting Sands
نویسندگان
چکیده
Kim-1/Tim-1 is an apoptotic-cell phagocytosis and scavenger receptor that is most highly upregulated in proximal tubular epithelium in acute and chronic kidney injury. While Kim-1/Tim-1 has been proposed to be a costimulatory molecule for immune cells, its potential immunological role has been controversial. In the presence of very high epithelial cell expression, understanding the influence of immune cell Kim-1/Tim-1 expression in kidney injury relies on a better definition of its functional significance in immune cells and better characterization of antibodies used to probe function.
منابع مشابه
Characterization of age‐associated exhausted CD8+ T cells defined by increased expression of Tim‐3 and PD‐1
Aging is accompanied by altered T-cell responses that result in susceptibility to various diseases. Previous findings on the increased expression of inhibitory receptors, such as programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), in the T cells of aged mice emphasize the importance of investigations into the relationship between T-cell exhaustion and aging-associated immune dysfunction. In this study, we ...
متن کاملIranian Wedding Invitations in the Shifting Sands of Time
As a distinct socially constructed genre, wedding invitations (WIs) offer a fruitful site for investigating how two areas of genre knowledge (i.e., form and content) change over time under the influence of sociocultural forces. Through the examination of 100 Iranian WIs dating from 1970s to the present time, the study investigated the trajectories of change through time within the social semiot...
متن کاملKIM-1-/TIM-1-mediated phagocytosis links ATG5-/ULK1-dependent clearance of apoptotic cells to antigen presentation.
Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by both professional and semi-professional phagocytes is required for resolution of organ damage and maintenance of immune tolerance. KIM-1/TIM-1 is a phosphatidylserine receptor that is expressed on epithelial cells and can transform the cells into phagocytes. Here, we demonstrate that KIM-1 phosphorylation and association with p85 results in encapsulation of ph...
متن کاملKIM-1/TIM-1 in proximal tubular cell immune response
Kidney injury molecule-1/T cell IgG and mucin containing 1 (KIM-1/TIM-1) is a type 1 membrane receptor [1] which we identified as the most upregulated proximal tubular cell (PTC) protein following a variety of kidney injuries in animal models and human diseases [1] (Figure 1A). While KIM-1 (also known as hepatitis A virus cellular receptor-1 (HAVCR-1)) quickly was recognized as a promising biom...
متن کاملT Cell Immunoglobulin Mucin Domain (TIM)-3 Promoter Activity in a Human Mast Cell Line
T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain (TIM)-3 is an immunomodulatory molecule and upregulated in T cells by several cytokines. TIM-3 also influences mast cell function but its transcriptional regulation in mast cells has not been clarified. Therefore, we examined the transcript level and the promoter activity of TIM-3 in mast cells. The TIM-3 transcript level was assessed by real-time RT-PCR and p...
متن کامل